arrow

GH-39357: [C++] Reduce function.h includes (#39312)



### Rationale for this change

As proposed in #36246 , by splitting function option structs from `function.h`, we can reduce the including of `function.h`. So that the total build time could be reduced.

The total parser time could be reduced from 722.3s to 709.7s. And the `function.h` along with its transitive inclusion of `kernel.h` don't show up in expensive headers any more.

The detailed analysis result before and after this PR are attached: 
[analyze-before.txt](https://github.com/apache/arrow/files/13756923/analyze-before.txt)
[analyze-after.txt](https://github.com/apache/arrow/files/13756924/analyze-after.txt)

Disclaimer (quote from https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/36246#issuecomment-1866974963):
> Note that the time diff is not absolute. The ClangBuildAnalyzer result differs from time to time. I guess it depends on the idle-ness of the building machine when doing the experiment. But the time reduction is almost certain, though sometimes more sometimes less. And the inclusion times of the questioning headers are reduced for sure, as shown in the attachments in my other comment.

### What changes are included in this PR?

Move function option structs into own `compute/options.h`, and change including `function.h` to including `options.h` wherever fits.

### Are these changes tested?

Build is testing.

### Are there any user-facing changes?

There could be potential build failures for user code (quote from https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/36246#issuecomment-1866980969):
> The header function.h remains in compute/api.h, with and without this PR. The proposed PR removes function.h from api_xxx.h (then includes options.h instead), as proposed in the initial description of this issue. This results in compile failures for user code which includes only compute/api_xxx.h but not compute/api.h, and meanwhile uses CallFunction which is declared in function.h.

But I think it's OK as described in https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/36246#issuecomment-1867018578.

* Closes: #39357

Authored-by: zanmato <zanmato1984@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Felipe Oliveira Carvalho <felipekde@gmail.com>