arrow

GH-20127: [Python] Remove deprecated pyarrow.filesystem legacy implementations (#39825)

This PR removes the `pyarrow.filesystem` and `pyarrow.hdfs` filesystems that have been deprecated since 2.0.0.
* Closes: #20127

Lead-authored-by: AlenkaF <frim.alenka@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Alenka Frim <AlenkaF@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Antoine Pitrou <pitrou@free.fr>
Co-authored-by: Joris Van den Bossche <jorisvandenbossche@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Joris Van den Bossche <jorisvandenbossche@gmail.com>