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ARROW-12626: [C++] Support toolchain xsimd, update toolchain version to version 8.1.0 (#13244)

This also updates pinned vcpkg to use xsimd 8.1.0.

This also implements auto python-wheel-windows-vs2017 image update mechanism.
We have a problem of "docker build" on Windows. "docker build" doesn't reuse pulled
image as caches. "docker build" always rebuilds an image. This implements manual
reuse mechanism like the following:

    if ! docker pull; then
       docker build # build only when built images don't exist
    fi
    docker run

But this doesn't work when ci/docker/python-wheel-windows-vs2017.dockerfile is updated
but pinned vcpkg revision isn't changed. In the case, "docker build" isn't run because
"docker pull" is succeeded. 

To work this mechanism, this introduces "PYTHON_WHEEL_WINDOWS_IMAGE_REVISION".
We must bump it manually when we update ci/docker/python-wheel-windows-vs2017.dockerfile.
"PYTHON_WHEEL_WINDOWS_IMAGE_REVISION" is used in tag name. So "docker pull"
is failed with new "PYTHON_WHEEL_WINDOWS_IMAGE_REVISION" and then "docker build"
is used.

Lead-authored-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>
Co-authored-by: Yibo Cai <yibo.cai@arm.com>
Co-authored-by: Wes McKinney <wesm@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>