arrow

GH-41947: [Java] Support catalog in JDBC driver with session options (#42035)



### Rationale for this change

See Issue https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41947

### What changes are included in this PR?

### Are these changes tested?

Yes

### Are there any user-facing changes?

Introductiona of an optional catalog query parameter in the JDBC url string.

* GitHub Issue: #41947

Authored-by: Steve Lord <steve.lord@dremio.com>
Signed-off-by: David Li <li.davidm96@gmail.com>