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ARROW-3808: [R] Array extract, including Take method

I implemented `Array__Take` and `Array__Filter` and then wrote `RecordBatch__Take` and `RecordBatch__Filter` to wrap them. This provides full R `[` semantics for these two classes.

`ChunkedArray__Filter`, and `Table__Filter` around it, were not too bad to write, but `ChunkedArray__Take` and `Table__Take` are a bit more involved. `[` is also fully supported for those two classes.

In addition to R numerics and logicals, `[` supports using an Array to Filter or Take on, and you can use a `ChunkedArray` too for `Table` and `ChunkedArray`.

Closes #5531 from nealrichardson/array-extract and squashes the following commits:

ff9e04ee8 <Neal Richardson> Lint
a1eeb984f <Neal Richardson> Note about vctrs::vec_recycle()
038e2a846 <Neal Richardson> ChunkedArray__Take calls Concatenate if necessary
62446597a <Neal Richardson> Support filtering ChunkedArrays and Tables with ChunkedArray
b62aac507 <Neal Richardson> Unskip test and address some PR feedback
d6baf6dc9 <Neal Richardson> :rat:
9ec81d0f8 <Neal Richardson> Test some error handling and support passing Arrays (somewhat) to subset rows
71084fd21 <Neal Richardson> Add Table methods and update doc
9d4dfd2a8 <Neal Richardson> Move ChunkedArray__Take from R to Rcpp
58b0313bc <Neal Richardson> Add ChunkedArray__Filter and find a bug in Array->Filter()
96b0e3abd <Neal Richardson> Array__Filter and RecordBatch__Filter; start sketching ChunkedArray__Take in R
b067be320 <Neal Richardson> Add Take and Filter for RecordBatch
ab3c7b155 <Neal Richardson> Add Array__Take and [ method around that

Authored-by: Neal Richardson <neal.p.richardson@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Neal Richardson <neal.p.richardson@gmail.com>