arrow

GH-34588:[C++][Python] Add a MetaFunction for "dictionary_decode" (#35356)

**Rationale for this change**
This PR is for [Issue-34588](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/34588). Discussing with @ westonpace, a MetaFunction for "dictionary_decode" is implemented instead of adding a compute kernel.

**What changes are included in this PR?**
C++: Meta Function of dictionary_decode.
Python: Test

**Are these changes tested?**
One test in tests/test_compute.py

* Closes: #34588

Lead-authored-by: Junming Chen <junming.chen.r@outlook.com>
Co-authored-by: Alenka Frim <AlenkaF@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Weston Pace <weston.pace@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Weston Pace <weston.pace@gmail.com>