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GH-40974: [CI][Python] CI failures on Python builds due to pytest_cython (#40975)

### Rationale for this change

We are seeing sporadic CI failures on Python builds due to `pytest_cython`.

### What changes are included in this PR?

Upper pin of 0.3.0 added for `pytest-cython`.

### Are these changes tested?

With a green CI.

### Are there any user-facing changes?

No.
* GitHub Issue: #40974

Authored-by: AlenkaF <frim.alenka@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>