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GH-41055: [C++] Support flatten for combining nested list related types (#41092)



### Rationale for this change
Support flatten for combining nested list related types.

### What changes are included in this PR?
Add the recursively flatten function for auto detect and flatten the combining nested list types.

### Are these changes tested?
Yes

### Are there any user-facing changes?
Yes, user can flatten a combining nested-list or related array by use `Flatten` API.

* GitHub Issue: #41055

Authored-by: ZhangHuiGui <hugo.zhang@openpie.com>
Signed-off-by: Felipe Oliveira Carvalho <felipekde@gmail.com>