arrow

GH-39863: [C++]  Thirdparty: Bump google benchmark to 1.8.3 (#39878)

## Rationale for this change
Bump benchmark to 1.8.3

## What changes are included in this PR?
Bump benchmark to 1.8.3

## Are these changes tested?
Already has testing

## Are there any user-facing changes?
no

* Closes: #39863

Authored-by: xiansen.chen <xiansen.chen@openpie.com>
Signed-off-by: Antoine Pitrou <antoine@python.org>