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ARROW-12045: [Go][Parquet] Initial Chunk of Parquet port to Go

Based on the c++ implementation but tuned and optimized for Go, I spent the first couple months this year creating a Go implementation for Parquet with the goal of native/easy integration with the Arrow library while still being highly performant and at minimum reaching feature parity with the C++ implementation.

Based on the conversations on the JIRA card, rather than dumping a huge code bomb (there's a ton), I've chunked it up. This is the initial chunk of code comprising of an internal utils directory that is analogous to the cpp/arrow/utils/ bit readers/writers/bit run readers/etc. which were ultimately used by the go implementation, while using c2goasm to reach the performance necessary for certain areas.

This is part 1 of the implementation as I chunk it up and push it out. I'll wait for each chunk to get merged before pushing the next PR in order to make sure that everything stays in sync.

CC: @emkornfield @wesm @sbinet @nickpoorman

Closes #9671 from zeroshade/arrow-7905-p1

Authored-by: Matthew Topol <mtopol@factset.com>
Signed-off-by: Micah Kornfield <emkornfield@gmail.com>