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MINOR: [CI] Bump actions/setup-python from 5.0.0 to 5.1.0 (#40917)

Bumps [actions/setup-python](https://github.com/actions/setup-python) from 5.0.0 to 5.1.0.
<details>
<summary>Release notes</summary>
<p><em>Sourced from <a href="https://github.com/actions/setup-python/releases">actions/setup-python's releases</a>.</em></p>
<blockquote>
<h2>v5.1.0</h2>
<h2>What's Changed</h2>
<ul>
<li>Leveraging the raw API to retrieve the version-manifest, as it does not impose a rate limit and hence facilitates unrestricted consumption without the need for a token for Github Enterprise Servers by <a href="https://github.com/Shegox"><code>@​Shegox</code></a> in <a href="https://redirect.github.com/actions/setup-python/pull/766">actions/setup-python#766</a>.</li>
<li>Dependency updates by <a href="https://github.com/dependabot"><code>@​dependabot</code></a> and <a href="https://github.com/HarithaVattikuti"><code>@​HarithaVattikuti</code></a> in <a href="https://redirect.github.com/actions/setup-python/pull/817">actions/setup-python#817</a></li>
<li>Documentation changes for version in README by <a href="https://github.com/basnijholt"><code>@​basnijholt</code></a> in <a href="https://redirect.github.com/actions/setup-python/pull/776">actions/setup-python#776</a></li>
<li>Documentation changes for link in README by <a href="https://github.com/ukd1"><code>@​ukd1</code></a> in <a href="https://redirect.github.com/actions/setup-python/pull/793">actions/setup-python#793</a></li>
<li>Documentation changes for link in Advanced Usage by <a href="https://github.com/Jamim"><code>@​Jamim</code></a> in <a href="https://redirect.github.com/actions/setup-python/pull/782">actions/setup-python#782</a></li>
<li>Documentation changes for avoiding rate limit issues on GHES by <a href="https://github.com/priya-kinthali"><code>@​priya-kinthali</code></a> in <a href="https://redirect.github.com/actions/setup-python/pull/835">actions/setup-python#835</a></li>
</ul>
<h2>New Contributors</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/basnijholt"><code>@​basnijholt</code></a> made their first contribution in <a href="https://redirect.github.com/actions/setup-python/pull/776">actions/setup-python#776</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/ukd1"><code>@​ukd1</code></a> made their first contribution in <a href="https://redirect.github.com/actions/setup-python/pull/793">actions/setup-python#793</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/Jamim"><code>@​Jamim</code></a> made their first contribution in <a href="https://redirect.github.com/actions/setup-python/pull/782">actions/setup-python#782</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/Shegox"><code>@​Shegox</code></a> made their first contribution in <a href="https://redirect.github.com/actions/setup-python/pull/766">actions/setup-python#766</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/priya-kinthali"><code>@​priya-kinthali</code></a> made their first contribution in <a href="https://redirect.github.com/actions/setup-python/pull/835">actions/setup-python#835</a></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Full Changelog</strong>: <a href="https://github.com/actions/setup-python/compare/v5.0.0...v5.1.0">https://github.com/actions/setup-python/compare/v5.0.0...v5.1.0</a></p>
</blockquote>
</details>
<details>
<summary>Commits</summary>
<ul>
<li>See full diff in <a href="https://github.com/actions/setup-python/compare/v5...v5.1.0">compare view</a></li>
</ul>
</details>
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Authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>