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GH-35946: [CI][Packaging] Free up more disk space for Linux packages (#35947)

### Rationale for this change
Fix some Linux packaging jobs that fail due to out of space

### What changes are included in this PR?
Cleaning up some more cache

### Are these changes tested?
With crossbow jobs

### Are there any user-facing changes?

No
* Closes: #35946

Authored-by: Raúl Cumplido <raulcumplido@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Raúl Cumplido <raulcumplido@gmail.com>