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GH-43163: [R] Fix bindings in Math group generics (#43162)



### Rationale for this change

When support was added for `cumsum` in the `Math` group generics it mistakenly mapped `signif`, `expm1`, `log1p`, `cospi`, `sinpi`, `tanpi`, `cosh`, `sinh`, `tanh`, `acosh`, `asinh`, `atanh`, `lgamma`, `gamma`, `digamma`, and `trigamma` to the `cumulative_sum_checked` arrow function. This PR corrects that mistake and well as adds support for `log2`, `log1p`, `cumprod`, `cummax`, and `cummin`.

### What changes are included in this PR?

It contains the following changes:
1. `acos`, `asin`, `cos`, `sin`, `tan` now map to the `*_checked` arrow function variants
2. `log2` maps to the `log2_checked` arrow function
3. `log1p` maps to the `log1p_checked` arrow function
4. `cumprod` maps to the `cumulative_prod_checked` arrow function
5. `cummax` maps to the `cumulative_max` arrow function
6. `cummin` maps to the `cumulative_min` arrow function
7. `signif`, `expm1`, `cospi`, `sinpi`, `tanpi`, `cosh`, `sinh`, `tanh`, `acosh`, `asinh`, `atanh`, `lgamma`, `gamma`, `digamma`, and `trigamma` properly throw an unsupported operation error

### Are these changes tested?

Yes, tests were added to "Math group generics work on Array objects" in `arrow/r/tests/testthat/test-compute-arith.R`

### Are there any user-facing changes?

No

* GitHub Issue: #43163

Authored-by: Patrick Aboyoun <aboyoun.patrick@gene.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Keane <jkeane@gmail.com>