arrow

GH-45237: [Python] Raise minimum supported cython to >=3 (#45238)

### Rationale for this change

We do not require to support Cython 2 anymore.

### What changes are included in this PR?

Bump required version of Cython

### Are these changes tested?

Via CI

### Are there any user-facing changes?

Yes, pyarrow cannot be compiled with Cython2 anymore.
* GitHub Issue: #45237

Authored-by: Raúl Cumplido <raulcumplido@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Raúl Cumplido <raulcumplido@gmail.com>