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GH-33717: [Go] Flight SQL Server handle StreamChunk errors (#33718)



### Rationale for this change

Errors returned in the `StreamChunk` channel of the Flight SQL server's `DoGet` method are currently being dropped rather than returned to gRPC client. This is a fix for that problem.

### What changes are included in this PR?

Fix the bug detailed above and add tesing for the fixed code path.

### Are these changes tested?

Yes, the majority of the PR add appropriate test cases.

### Are there any user-facing changes?

Only the fixed bug.

* Closes: #33717

Authored-by: Martin Hilton <mhilton@influxdata.com>
Signed-off-by: Matt Topol <zotthewizard@gmail.com>