arrow

GH-43875: [Go][CI] Remove Go related lint configurations (#44144)

### Rationale for this change

The Go implementation is moving to apache/arrow-go from go/ in apache/arrow.

### What changes are included in this PR?

Removing the linting configuration

### Are these changes tested?

Yes

### Are there any user-facing changes?

No
* GitHub Issue: #43875

Authored-by: Raúl Cumplido <raulcumplido@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>