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ARROW-14554: [C++][CI] Fix OSS-Fuzz build failure

ARROW-14393 downgraded the bundled GTest version to a version that doesn't build on the OSS-Fuzz setup
(and there doesn't seem to be an obvious fix or workaround around those build errors).

Re-bump the bundled GTest version, and try to fix the issue in the Windows verification script differently.

Also, add a Crossbow task for the OSS-Fuzz build check, since the Github Actions cron job failure went unnoticed.

Closes #11583 from pitrou/oss-fuzz-gtest

Authored-by: Antoine Pitrou <antoine@python.org>
Signed-off-by: Krisztián Szűcs <szucs.krisztian@gmail.com>