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GH-41951: [Java] Add @FormatMethod annotations (#43376)

### What changes are included in this PR?

Annotate several methods using format-like string with error-prone `@ FormatMethod` and `@ FormatString` annotations.

Update error-prone version to 2.29.2 and remove unused error-prone javac version property.

### Are these changes tested?
 
CI/CD

### Are there any user-facing changes?

None

* GitHub Issue: #41951

Authored-by: Laurent Goujon <laurent@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: David Li <li.davidm96@gmail.com>