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GH-37056: [Java] Fix importing an empty data array from c-data (#37531)


### Rationale for this change

Fix java lib bug that prevents from importing specific data via c-data interface.
Currently an attempt to load a vector with empty data buffer results in an IllegalStateException error.

### What changes are included in this PR?
Updated BufferImportTypeVisitor to correctly handle a situation when underlying c-data array pointer is NULL (0) and the expected length of data is zero (0). 

### Are these changes tested?
Yes, updated the existing unit tests

### Are there any user-facing changes?
No

* Closes: #37056

Lead-authored-by: Jacek Stania <janosik47@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Jacek Stania <38670505+janosik47@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: David Li <li.davidm96@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Antoine Pitrou <antoine@python.org>