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GH-44948: [Dev][Archery] Remove JIRA remnants from Archery (#45091)

### Rationale for this change

We are not using JIRA as issue tracker anymore, we should remove it from archery.

### What changes are included in this PR?

Remove Jira dependency from archery and related code mainly for release curate for release changelog generation.

### Are these changes tested?

Yes, archery tests are still successful and I've validated that I can generate:
`archery release curate 18.0.0` and `archery release curate 19.0.0` successfully.
I haven't tested cherry-picking but there doesn't seem to be code involved and we have been able to cherry-pick during the last releases.

### Are there any user-facing changes?
No
* GitHub Issue: #44948

Authored-by: Raúl Cumplido <raulcumplido@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>