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GH-41594: [Go] Support reading `date64` type & properly validate list-like types (#41595)

This PR includes 2 fixes:
1. support reading `date64` columns (as write is supported)
2. properly validate list-like data types (list of unsupported is unsupported)

### Rationale for this change

See #41594

### What changes are included in this PR?

1. Added `date64` reading & conversion funcs similar to `date32`
2. Refactored date type validation

### Are these changes tested?

a55cd5324d2c47932410b0c7a9c46075386645d2

### Are there any user-facing changes?

No.

* GitHub Issue: #41594

Authored-by: candiduslynx <candiduslynx@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Matt Topol <zotthewizard@gmail.com>