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GH-32619: [Python][Docs] Include options for PyArrow build explicitly (#34463)

### What changes are included in this PR?

List of relevant build options for PyArrow added to the python dev docs.

This PR also removes these flags from PyArrow:
- `PYARROW_BUNDLE_BOOST`
- `PYARROW_BUNDLE_ARROW_CPP_HEADERS`
- `PYARROW_WITH_STATIC_PARQUET`
- `PYARROW_PARQUET_USE_SHARED`

* Closes: #32619

Lead-authored-by: Alenka Frim <frim.alenka@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Alenka Frim <AlenkaF@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@cozmixng.org>
Signed-off-by: Joris Van den Bossche <jorisvandenbossche@gmail.com>