arrow

GH-33741: [Python] Address docstrings in Data Types Factory Functions (#33785)

### Rationale for this change
Ensure docstrings for [Data Types Factory Functions](https://arrow.apache.org/docs/python/api/datatypes.html#factory-functions) have an Examples section.

### What changes are included in this PR?
Docstrings are added to listed Data Types Factory Functions.

### Are these changes tested?
Yes, locally with `pytest --doctest-cython --disable-warnings` pyarrow and on the CI with `Python / AMD64 Conda Python 3.9 Sphinx & Numpydoc` build.

### Are there any user-facing changes?
No.
* Closes: #33741

Lead-authored-by: Alenka Frim <frim.alenka@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Alenka Frim <AlenkaF@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Joris Van den Bossche <jorisvandenbossche@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Joris Van den Bossche <jorisvandenbossche@gmail.com>