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GH-43519: [Python] Set up wheel building for Python 3.13 (#43539)



### Rationale for this change

Like #43519 mentionies, now that the first `rc` is out, it's probably time to add CI coverage for Python 3.13 (and also start building wheels).

### What changes are included in this PR?

I'm fairly new to the build/CI processes of the project, but I tried to follow the same template as #37901. I'll follow up afterwards with adding CI coverage for the free-threaded build as well.
* GitHub Issue: #43519

Lead-authored-by: Lysandros Nikolaou <lisandrosnik@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Joris Van den Bossche <jorisvandenbossche@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Joris Van den Bossche <jorisvandenbossche@gmail.com>