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GH-39231: [C++][Compute] Add binary_slice kernel for fixed size binary (#39245)



### Rationale for this change
Add binary_slice kernel for fixed size binary

### What changes are included in this PR?
Add binary_slice kernel for fixed size binary

### Are these changes tested?
Yes

### Are there any user-facing changes?
No

* Closes: #39231

Lead-authored-by: Jin Shang <shangjin1997@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Antoine Pitrou <pitrou@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Antoine Pitrou <antoine@python.org>