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ARROW-14171: [C++][Python][Packaging] Upgrade VCPKG version and add google-cloud-cpp dependency

Closes #11569 from coryan/ARROW-14171-add-google-cloud-cpp-package

Lead-authored-by: Krisztián Szűcs <szucs.krisztian@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Carlos O'Ryan <coryan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Krisztián Szűcs <szucs.krisztian@gmail.com>