arrow

GH-35421: [Go] Ensure interface contract between `array.X.ValueStr` & `array.XBuilder.AppendValueFromString` (#35457)

### Rationale for this change

I noticed that some values produced by `array.X.ValueStr` can't be parsed back by `array.XBuilder.AppendValueFromString` while debugging https://github.com/cloudquery/cloudquery/pull/10284.
Additionally, some arrays didn't implement the corresponding functions at all.

### What changes are included in this PR?

* Ensure interface contract
* Use `array.NullValueStr` constant
* Fix bugs found along the way
* Synced `internal/types/UUID` with CQ implementation to account for `valid` param

### Are these changes tested?

This code was developed in TDD mode. The changes workflow was:
1. Introduce `XStringRoundTrip` tests to test that the resulting array will be equal in the Arrow sense (using [`array.Equal`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/apache/arrow/go/v12/arrow/array#Equal))
2. Fix any discrepancies

### Are there any user-facing changes?

Some fixes to the accepted values & parse logic to correspond to the interface contract.

* Closes: #35421

Authored-by: candiduslynx <candiduslynx@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Matt Topol <zotthewizard@gmail.com>